Machine for making metal wheels.



l Patented May I3, 1902. EQEINFELDT. MACHINE FOR MAKING METAL WHEELS.'

(Application led Aug. 26, 1901.).

9 Sheets-Sheet I.

(N0 Model.)

A www r cams warms 60 PuomLrrq, wub-Immun, n. c.

No. A`700,025. Patente-d May ls, |902,l

' E. EINFELDLv MACHIN FUR MAKING METAL WHEELS. (gppucaein med' Aug. 2e, 1901.)

qm Mdem 9 sheets-sheet 2.

(No Model.)

E.. ElN FELDT. MACHINE vFR MAKING METAI. WHEELS. applicati@ med,'\1-g. 2e, 1901.)

Patented May I3, .|902

No. 700,025. Patented May I3, |902. E. EINFELDT. l l

.MACHINE FOR 4MAKING METAL WHEELS.

v (Application lqd Aug. 26, 1901.) (llo Model.) 9 Sheets-Shogi 4.

THE' Noam: PETERS co. PHoTaLITHo., wAsHlnaToN, m c.,

Patented May 13, |902.

l E. EINFELDT. MACHINE FOB MAKING METAL WHEELS;

(Application filed A.ug. 26, 1901.) (No llogiel.)

9 Sheets-Sheet 5.

HII un IHI will' No. 700,025.v j Patented may |3,|902. Y- E. EINFELDT.

MACHINE FR MAKING METAL WHEEL-S.

(Application med Agg. 2a, i901.) (In Model.) v 9 Shaets$heet 6.

Patented May, |902.l

l E. EINFELDT.

MACHINE FUR MAKING METAL`WHEELS.

(Application led Aug. 86, 1901.)

9 sneaks-sheetv 1.

` (No Model.)

I l 91m' @may TH: Noms ravens Cpl momplwno., wnsmuaran, n. c.

y E. EINF'ELDT. E MACHINE Fon MAKINGMETAL wHEELs.

(Appl'icmn med Aug. 2e, 1901.)

49 Sheets-Sheet 3.4

(Handel.)

Mmmm

T E NoRms PETERS cc.. wmoumo., wAsmNsTnN o c No. 700,025. Patented May I3, |902.

E. EINFELDT. MACHINE FR MAKING METAL WHEELS.

(Application led Aug. 26, 1901.)

(nu Model.) 9 sheets-sheet 9.

sa @j me Noam: wens co. pnocuumo.. wnsmncmm. qu.

UNIT-no STATES PATENT @Frio-E.

EMIL EINFELDT, OF DAVENPORT, IOWA, AssIGNoR To BETTENDORF METAL WHEEL COMPANY, A CORPORATION or ILLINOIS.

" MACHINE FOR MAKING METAL WHEELS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 700,025, dated. May 13, 1902.

Application filed August 26, 190i. Serial No. 73.228. (No model.)

.T all Loli/0m t may concern.-

Beit known that'I,- EMIL EINFELDT, of Davenport, countyo'ffScott, andV State of Iowa, have invented a new anduseful Improvement in Machines for Making Metal Wheels, of

which the following is a specification.

n This invention relates to a machine for use in the manu-facture of metal wheelsfand it is designed more particularly for fastening Io the spokes to the hub and' rim. Machines now in use for this purpose embodymechan;

ism for forming shoulders on thespoke bei tween Athe hub and the rim by upsetting the spoke at the inner side of the rim or at the I5 outer side ofthe hub. This action shortens the spoke, and by reason of the fact that spokes frequently vary in diameter and structure the shortening is unequal, sov that the circular` form of the rim is destroyed.

The chief aim of my invention is to overcome these objections; and it consists, mainly,

. of mechanism adapted to act on the spoke between the hub and the rim and to force the material of the spoke in the form of a shoulder against the adjacent member of the wheel without varying thelength of the spoke between the hub and rim.

The invention consists also in combining with mechanism of this character means 3o adapted to act on the outer ends of the spoke and form heads thereon, whereby the spoke may be secured to both the hub and rim without varying the length of the' same between the hub and rim.

The invention consists also in mechanism designed particularly for the production of staggered wheels, in which the spokes are secured to the hub in two series, duplicate mechanisms being provided and adapted to 4o act alternately on the spokes of the two series.

The invention consists also in the details ofconstruction and combination of parts hereinaftei` described and claimed.

Referring to' the drawings, Figure lis a top plan View, on a reduced scale, of the machine with parts of one of the spoke-fastening mechanisms in section. Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the same. Fig. 3 is-a vertical cross-sectional elevation ou the line d d of 5o Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal vertical sectional elevation on the line b b of Fig. l.

v holder. scraping-clamp. Fig. 14 is a perspective View Fig. 5 is a top plan View of the same. Fig. 6 is a vertical longitudinal section on the line o c of Fig. 1. Fig. 7 is a vertical transverse section on the line d d of Fig. l. Fig. 8 is a 55 horizontal section on the line e e of Fig. 2. Figs. 9 to 12 are detailed views of the hub- Fig. 13 is a perspective view of the of the jamming-clamp. Fig. 15 is a view of 6o the heading-tool for operating on the end of the spoke outside of the rim, showing how it may be moved to admit' of the insertion of the rim of the wheel between it and the jamming-clamp. Fig. 16 is an elevation of a 65 modification by which the hub and rim and the inserted spoke are moved up to the spokefastening devices. Fig. 17 isfa view of the spoke before it is acted on by the machine. Fig. 18 is a view of the hub. Fig. 19 is a 7o view of the rim. Fig. 2O is a view of a part of the completed wheel.

In the accompanying drawings in its preferred form my improved machine is adapted to secure the spokes in place in staggered relations to produce a staggered wheel in which the spokes radiate from the hub in two lines or series alternating with each other; `but the invention is applicable as well :for the production of wheels with a single 8o central series of spokes, asffwjill be described later on. y, Fornthis-purpos'e,that'of the pro- 'duction of staggered wheels, the machine enlwhich mechanisms comprise a heading-tool 1, adapted to form a head on the outer end of the spoke outside the rim, a heading-tool 2, adapted to form a head on the spoke Ainside the hub, a clamp or die 3, which for con- 9o venience of description I term a scrapingclamp, the action of which is to scrape up the external ymaterial of the spoke and form a shoulder at the outside of the hub, and a clamp or die 4, which for convenience of description I term a jamming-clamp, the function of which is. to jam up against the rim a previously-formed shoulder on the spoke, the combined actions of these mechanisms resulting in the formation of heads lo@ and shoulders, respectively, at the outer ends of the spokes and the inner side of the rim and outer side of the hub, which will fasten the spokes firmly and securely tothe rim and hub without changing the length of the spoke between the hub and rim. These mechanisms are supported by a frame consisting of a base-plate 6, from the opposite ends of which rise two posts or standards 7. On the upper end of each standard is mounted a circular table S, secured to the standard by bolts 9, extending through slots in the table, so that the latter may be adjustable to a limited extent around a vertical axis for a purpose which will presently appear: The top of the table is formed with horizontal guides in which is mounted a frame or casting 11, movable by means of a rack 12 on the table engaged by a pinion 13, mounted on the sliding frame and operated by a hand-lever 14, by which the frame may be moved back and forth on the table. This sliding frame is provided with two horizontal arms 15 of C form in cross-section, bolted at their outer ends to the sides of a cylinder 1G, supported at the outer end of the frame 11, and connected at their opposite ends to a horizontal cross-bar 17. Mounted within the arms 15, respectively, on vertical axes 18 and 19 are horizontal levers 2O and 21, which extend through slots in the cross-bar, the lever 20 carrying on its outer end beyond the crossbar theheading-tool 1 and the lever 2l carrying on its outer end the heading-tool 2, before alluded to. The outer ends of these levers are connected, by means of links 21X, to a piston-rod 22, connected with a large piston 23 within the cylinder 1G, the forward movement of this piston serving to straighten out the links, separate the outer ends of the levers, and move the heading-tools inward.

Between the two levers 2O and 21 the horizontal bar 17 is loosely encircled by collars 24 and 25, carrying, respectively, the scraping-clamp 3 and the jamming-clamp 4. The scraping-clamp comprises an upper jaw 26 and a lower jaw 27, pivoted between their ends to the collar 24 and extending forward on opposite sides of the cross-bar, where they are provided in adjacent faces with grooved clamping-surfaces 2S, adapted when the jaws are closed to firmly embrace the spoke. The rear ends of these jaws extend above and below a rearward extension 25) of the collar, supported by a cross-rod 30, and they are adapted to be acted on and separated to close the jaws by means of wedges 3l, sliding on the extension 29 and jointed to the forward end of the piston-rod 32, the rear end of which is connected with a small piston 33 in a cylinder 34, situated within the large cylinder, with its rear end open to the pressure therein. As a result of this arrangement when the piston 33 moves rearward the wedges will be retracted and acting on the adjacentfaces of the rear ends of the jaws they will-be separated and the jaws will be closed on the spoke. O11 the forward movement'of the piston thc rear ends of the jaws will be-drawn together and the jaws opened by means of a tensionspring 35 connecting them.

The jamming-clamp is similar in construction to that described, comprising upper and lower jaws pivoted to the collar 25 and operder against the inner side of the rim,that they move bodily outward toward the ends of the spoke. This is accomplished by a central wedge-shaped sliding head 40, which extends horizontally through a slot in the cross-bar 17 and is formed on its opposite sides with oppositely-inclined surfaces 41 and 42, adapted to act, respectively, against inclined surfaces 43 and 44 on the adjacent sides ofthe two collars 24 and 25 and force these collars outward in opposite directions, thereby moving the clamps outward toward the ends of the spoke. As a result of this action the scraping-clamp will throw or force up the external material of the spoke in the form of a shoulder against the outer sides of the hub, the spoke atthis poin t being preferably thickc ned, so as not to reduce its diameter, while the jamming-clamp will force the previouslyformed shoulder rmlyagainst the inner side of the rim.

By reason of the fact that a longer movement of the scraping-clamp than that of the jamming-clamp is necessary on accountof the different character of the work they perform the surface acting on the collar 24 is given a greater inclination than the opposite su rface, so that for the same movement of the wedgeshaped head the two clamps are moved different distances. The advance of the wedgeshaped head to thus move the clamps outward is effected bythe forward movement of the large piston 23, the rod of which is extended forward beyond thelinks 21 and has the wedge-shaped head connected with it. On the retraction of this piston the two clamps are returned inward to their former positions by means of spiral springs 44, seated between the outer sides ot' the collars and adjacent faces of the levers carrying the heading-tools. Itis observed, therefore,that the advance of the large piston acts to operate both the heading-tools and clamps sim ultaneously, the heading-tools being moved inward toward cach other and upsetting the outer ends of the spokes at the same time that the clamps are moved outward and form the shoulders at the inner side of the rim and at the outer side of the hub.

A constant pressure, say, of ftecn'pounds is maintained in the cylinder 1G, acting on the front of the large piston and rear of the IOC IIO

small pistons,which pressure holds the wed ges 3l forward with the jaws opened, the heading-tools outward, and the clamps inward. In the operation of the mechanism a pressure, say, of fifty pounds is admitted in front of the small pistons and in rear of the large pistons, the effect of which is to retract the small pistons and close the clamping-jaws on the spoke and then to advance the large piston, operate the headers, and move the clamps outward. The constant low pressure acting on all the pistons serves to quickly effect the exhaust of the cylinders and the return of the pistons to their former positions when the high pressure is cut off.

The control of the pressure to the cylinders is effected by valves 45 and 46, the valve'45 controlling the admission to and the discharge of the pressure from the large cylinder, while the valve 46 controls the pressure to the small-cylinders.

The valve 45 is mounted in a casing 47, from which a pipe 48 leads to the cylinderin rear of the large piston, a second pipe 49 leading to the source of high pressure and a third pipe 50 conducting away the exhaust. The valve is so formed with relation to the casing and pipes leading thereto that when in one position communication is established between the source of pressure and the cylinder and when in another position this communication is cut oand the exhaust is opened. The other valve 46 is mounted similarly in a casing connected with the source of pressure vby a pipe 52 and with the small cylinders by pipes 53, an opening 54 being provided in the casing for the exhaust of the' cylinders. These two valves are operated from a wrist-plate 55, mounted on the table Sand connected bya rod 56 with acrank 57 on the valve 45 and connected also by a rod 58 with a crank 59 on the valve 46, the arrangement being such thatwhen the wrist-plate is turned inthe direction of the arrow by pressure on a foot-lever 60 the first part of the stroke will operate valve 46 and admit pressure to the small cylinders, causing the pistons to move rearward and close the clamping-jaws on the spoke. The second part of the stroke operates the valve 45 and admits pressure to the large cylinder, causing its pistony to advance and resulting in the outward movement of the clamping-jaws to form the shoulders and the inward movement of the heading-tools to upset the ends of the spoke. On the release of the foot-lever-a spring 62 returns the same to its former position, the first 'part of the returnA stroke operating to Acut off pressure to the small cylinders, and the pistons of each will be advanced by the central pressure behind them4 and will permit the clamping-jaws to be opened by their springs. rPhe second part ot the return stroke will cut off pressure and open the eX- haust to the large cylinder, the piston of which will be returned by the central pressure, and thisaction will result in the outward movement of the heading-tools and the inward movement of the clamping-jaws.

The duplicate mechanisms described face each other, as shown in Fig. 1, so that the clamps and headers of each mechanism may operate alternately on the spokes of the two series to secure them in the rim and hub, and as the two series of spokes are inclined ktoward each other as they approach the rim it is necessary that the two mechanisms be inclined one with respect to the other, the opposing headers for the rim end of the spoke being nearer together than the opposing headers which operate on the spokes inside the hub. The degree of this relative inclination of the two mechanisms may be varied by adjusting their supporting-tables S on Vertical axes on the standards 7 by means of the adj usting-bolts 9, before alluded to. The mechanisms may be .adjusted parallel to each other if it is desired to set the two series of spokes parallel. l

In the operation of the machine the hub in which the spokes are to be inserted is heldin a horizontal position between the opposing headers 2, so that by the operation of the hand-lever 14 these headers may be moved alternately within the ends of the hub to the proper positions to act on the ends of the spokes of the two series. A hub-holderfor this purpose comprises two vertical rings-65, provided in their adjacent faces with grooves 66, in which the ends of the hub are adapted to seat, and each ring rising from a plate 67,

provided with slots 68 and connected by bolts 69 with a frame 70, so that the rings may be adjusted in a direction transversely of the axis of the hub in the line of the spokes in order to provide for wheels'of different sizes. The frame 70 is provided with slots 7l and'connected by bolts 72 withfan underlying slide 73, so that the hub-holding rings by this means may be adjusted to and from each other to provide for hubs of different lengths. The slide 73 is mounted in guides on the upper end of a standard 75, rising from the bed of the machine, and is movable in said guides in the direction of the axis of the hub, so that the two rings may be separated to admit of the insertion or removal of the hub and brought together to clamp and hold the hub infposition. This movement of the slides-73 is controlled by eccentrics 76, mounted in the IOO IOS

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standards, and each connected by a link 77 with the inner end of the'slide 73, the arfset in the machine between vthe duplicate mechanisms, resting at its lowerpart von-atlansverse roller 78X and at its outer side against two horizontally-ad j ustable gage-pins 79, projecting inwardly from the upper end of a slide S0 on a vertical standard 80, rising from the base ofthe machine adjacent to the heading-tools 1, the relative location and arrangement of the parts being such that the rim when in position will extend between the jamming-clamps and the headers 1. The slide 8OX is operated by an eccentric S1, actuated by a hand-lever S2, the construction being such that when the hand-lever is thrown forward toward the rim the slide will be moved in the same direction and locked in position. This slide carries on its upper end a springactuated pin 83, adapted to extend in one of the previously-formed holes in the rim, and serves to hold and steady the ri in after it is set in its proper position with relation to the hub to receive the spoke. The spring-pin is carried on the outer end of an arm 81, pivoted at its inner end to the slide, so that it may be swung overfrom side to side in order that the pin may be inserted in either of the two series of holes in the rim, according to the side of the rim where the spoke is being fastened. The roller 78X, on which the rim rests at its base, is movable vertically by means of a foot-lever 85, pivoted between its ends on the base of themachine and connected at its inner end to a frame 88, in which the roller is mounted, so that the rim may be moved vertically to its proper position with relation to the hub in beginning the operation of seating the spoke in place. After one or two of the spokes have been secured they will maintain the proper relations of the rim and hub, so that the further vertical movement of the roller will not be necessary, its function then being to support the rim and permit it to be readily shifted in position as the successive spokes are set in place.

The particular machine described is adapted to operate on spokes having at the hub end a thickened portion to be scraped up in the form of a shoulder against the outer side of the hub, a previously-formed shoulder at the rim end to be jammed up against the inside ot' the rim, and a tenon beyond this shoulder to be inserted through the hole in the rim.

rlhe rim to which the spokes are to be secured has its ends connected and is provided with two series of holes alternating with each other to receive the outer tenoned ends of the two series ofspokes, while the hub is formed with two series of alternating holes to receive the inner thickened ends of the spokes, the distance between the two series of holes in the hub being somewhat greater than that between the holes in the rim, so that a staggered wheel will be produced.

In the operation of the mechanism to fasten together the rim, hub, and spokes the duplicate mechanisms are moved outwardly on their supporting-beds by the hand-levers 14. Pressure is cut oil from the several cylinders, so that the scraping audjamming clamps will be opened and at their innerpositions,and the heading-tools in their outer positions. The hub-holding rings are separated to admit of the insertion ot' the hub, and the slide 80X, carrying the gage and spring-pin, is retracted. rPhe rim is now inserted in place in the machine and set in its approximate position, its edge being passed between the heading-tools 1 and jamming-clamps and its base resting on the roller 78X. A hub is now set in position between the hub-holding rings and their operating-levers actuated to cause them to approach each other and embrace the ends of the hub, in which position they are locked. A spoke is next placed in position, its thickened end inserted in a hole in one of the series in the hub and its outer end passed through a hole of the corresponding series in the rim, the foot-lever 85 being operated to raise the rim to the propel' position with relation to the spoke and hub. Hand-lever 82 is now operated to move up the slide 8() to bring the gage-pins to bear against the side of the rim, and the spring-pin carried by the slide is inserted in one of the holes in the rim of the series in which the spoke extends. The parts of the wheel are now in position ready to be acted on by the headers and clamps to secure them firmly together. Hand-lever 14 on that side of themachine nearest the inserted spoke is operated to move the clamps and headers into active relation to the spoke, the header 2 extending inside the hub opposite the end of the spoke, the header 1 extending opposite the other end of the spoke outside the rim, and the open jaws of the clamps extending above and below the spoke adjacent, respectively, to the thickened portion and the previously-formed shoulder thereon. Foot-lever 60 is new depressed, the first part of the stroke admitting pressure to the small cylinders and causing the clamps to close rnly on the spoke and the final part of the stroke admitting pressure to the large cylinder, causing the scraping and jammingclamps to move outward and the headers to simultaneously move inward, the jamming-clamp jamming up the previously-formed shoulder against the inner side of the rim, the scraping-clamp forcing and scraping up the thickened portion of the spoke against the outer side of the hub in the form of a shoulder, and the heading-tools upsetting the outer ends of the spoke, respectively, outside the rim and inside the hub. The operation is now completed and foot-lever 60 is released, the first part of theretu rn stroke cutting oit' pressurel IOO nal positions by their springs. The springpin is now disengaged Afrom the rim, and the latter, with the spoke and hub, is shifted to bring the next hole of the other series in position to receive its spoke.l A new spoke is now inserted in this hole and the springepin 83 shifted on its axis to the other side-of the rim and entered in one of the holes of the series in which the new spoke is inserted. The hand-lever 14 of the other mechanism is now operated to advance its clamps and headers in active relation to the newlyinserted spoke, after which the foot-lever of this-mechanism is depressed, causing first the closing of the clamps on the spokes and then the simultaneous heading of the spoke and the formation of the inner shoulders, as before. The spoke and rim are now released and another spoke of the first series set in place and fastened and the-se operations repeated until all the spokes are fastened in position, lthe two mechanisms acting alternately on the spokes of the two series, one remaining out of action while the other is performing vits functions, and vice versa. It is obvious that this duplicate arrangement of the parts to secure their alternate'action while being preferable for staggered wheels is not essential, for a single mechanism may be employed more particularly for securing the spokes to the hub and rim in a single series, and it is to be understood that my invention is intended to embrace this arrangement as well as that described and illustrated.

Wheels of the character described as being produced by this machine are in many cases provided with ianges on the edges of the rim, and by reason of the proximity of the header l and thejamming-clamp this iiange vprevents the rim from being readily set in position between the clamp and header.V To provide for such a contingency, I so secure the header l to its operating-lever that it may be shifted in position to leave a space for the passage of the flange. This is effected by mounting the header on a block or plate 90, pivoted to the end of the lever 20 on a horizontal axis 91, a hand-lever 92 being attached to the block for turning it on its axis and carrying the heading-tool downward to leave room for the insertion of the flange. I

In Fig. 16 I have illustrated a modification of the mechanism for presenting the headers and clamps and the spokes in active relations to each other. Here it will be seen that instead of holding the spoke, hub, and rim and moving the clampsup to them .Ireverse the operation and move the hub, spoke, and rim up to the headers and clamps. Thisis effected by mounting the hub-holder and the standard carrying the gage and lspring-pins on a slide 93, movable-back and forth on the base of the machine in the direction of the axis of the hub, a vertical leverv94c being pivoted at its lower end to the base of the machine and provided with a slot 95, in whicha pin on the slide engages. By the operation of this lever the slide may be shifted back and forth to carry the hub or rim and inserted spoke to one or the other'of the two mechanisms, according to the position in which the spoke is to be inserted. v

I prefer vin the operation of the machine to heat one or both ends of the spokes before they are acted on by the headers and clamps, for the reason that the mechanisms will operate more satisfactorily and there will be less liability of fracture at the points where the heads and shoulders are formed. Further, this method of procedure is advantageous in that the spokes will be placed under tension by reason of their contraction by cooling and a tensionfwheel will be produced.

The essence of myinvention resides in the means for forcing up the material of the spoke between the hub and rim in the form of a shoulder into engagement with the adjacent member of the wheel Without disturbing the internal material of the spoke or changing the length of the spoke between the hub and the rim, and while I have illustrated a form of mechanism which I prefer toemploy for effecting this result it will be understood that my invention is not intended to be limited to such mechanism and embraces such changes in thesame as will suggest themselves to persons skilled in the art.

In the machine illustrated the material of the spoke is forced up into engagement with the adjacent member of the wheel in two ways, as illustrated, by the respective actions of the scraping-clamp and thejamming-clamp.- The scraping-clamp acts to literally scrape up and positively displace the external metal of the spoke and pile it up against the hub in the form of a shoulder, while the jamming-clamp acts to bend or jam up against the inner side of thejrim a distinct vcollar or shoulder previously formed on the spoke. My invention embraces both of these actions. In both cases the metal is forced up by a movement of the clamp with relation to the spoke and in the direction of the axis of the spoke. In other words, the clamp moves along the spoke in forcing up the shoulder. It is obvious, however, that the clamp may remain stationary and the spoke be moved bodily endwisewith relation to it tocause the outer material of the spoke to be jammed up against the adjacent member of the wheel. v

- In the operation of the scraping-clamps care should be taken that their engagement with the spoke be such that only the external material of the spoke will be displacedand not such as to upset the spoke bodily endwise.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim isl. In a machine of the type described,means for forcing the external material of the spoke at apoint between the hub and rim, against the adjacent member of the wheel without disturbing the internal material of the spoke, substantially as described. A

2. In a machine of the type described, th

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combination with a device adapted to engage the spoke between the hub and rim, of means for moving said device along the spoke and in relation to the same, and means for so engaging the said device with the spoke that only the external material of the spoke will be displaced in the form of a shoulder against the adjacent member of the wheel.

In a machine of the type described, the combination with means for forming a head or shoulder on the end of the spoke, of means for forcing the external material ot the spoke at a point between the hub and rim in engagement with the adjacent member of the wheel Without disturbing the interior of the spoke, substantially as described.

4. In a machine ofthe type described, the combination with means for forming h eads on the opposite ends oE the spoke respectively outside the rim and inside the hub, of means for forcing the external material of the spoke between thehub andthe rim,into engagement with the `adjacent member of the wheel without disturbing the internal material oi the spoke.

5. In a machine of the type described, the combination with mechanism adapted to act on the end of the spoke, ot' cooperating mechanism arranged to act on the spoke between the hub and the rim, means for moving said mechanism along the spoke, and means for so engaging said cooperating mechanism with the spoke that only the external material of the same will be displaced.

G. In a machine of the type described, the

`combination with headers adapted to upset the ends of the spoke respectively outside the rim and inside the hub, of means for jamming a previously-formed shoulder on the spoke against the rim, and means for scraping u p the outer material of the spoke against the outer side of the hub.

7. In a machine of the type described the combination with headers movable inward toward the ends of the spoke, of devices adapted to grasp the spoke at the outer side of the hub and inner side of the rim, and means for moving said devices outward in opposite directions respectively toward the inwardly-acting headers.

S. In a machine of the type described, the combination with a heading-tool and means for moving the same against the end of the spoke, of a device adapted to embrace the spoke between the hub and the rim and adjacent to the heading-tool, means for moving the said device outward toward the header, and in relation to the spoke and means for so engaging the said device with the spoke that only the external material will be displaced.

9. In a machine of the type described, the combination with means for holding the hub with its axis horizontal, of means for snpporting the rim in a vertical position around the hub, devices for securing the spoke to the rim and hub, and means for moving said devices bodily horizontally in position to act on the spoke.

l0. In a machine of the type described, a hub -holder comprising relatively movable rings adapted to engage the ends of the hub.

1l. In a machine of the typedescribed, the combination with a sustaining-frame, of two cooperating hub-holding members mounted thereon face to face, means for adj nsting said members to and from each other and for fixing them in their adjusted positions to accommodate hubs of dilerent lengths, and independent means for moving said members to and from each other to admit of the insertion and removal ot' the hub, substantially as described.

l2. In a machine of the type described, a hub-holder comrising two cooperating members adapted to grasp and hold the hub between them, said members being adjustable to and from cach other and also in a direction transversely ot the axis of the hub.

13. In a machine of the type described, a hub-holder comprising two cooperating members adjustable bodily in the direction ot' tho IOO l5. In a machine of the type described, the

combination with means for supporting the hub in a horizontal position, of a relatively movable support on which the rim is adapted to rest in a vertical position, and means for moving said support vertically to adjust the rim bodily transversely of the axis ofthe hub.

lo. In a machine of the type described, the combination with means for supporting the hub, of means for supporting the rim around the same, and means for adjusting bodily the position of the rim in a direction transversely of the axis of the hub.

17. Ina machine of the type described, the combination with means for supporting the hub, of a roller adapted to support the base of the rim, and means for raising and lowering said roller to adjust the position oi' the rim with relation to the hub.

18. In a machine of the type described, the combination with means for supporting the base of the rim, of an adjustable stop device -for supporting the side ofthe rim.

19. In a machine of the type described, the combination with means for supporting the rim, of a pin adapted to enter a hole in the rim to steady the same.

20. In a machine of the type described the combination with means for supporting the rim, of a pin adapted to enter a hole in the same and means for moving said pin to and from the rim.

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2l. Ina machine of the type described, the combination with means for supporting the rim, of a pin adapted to enter Va hole in the same, and movable from one side of the rim to the other, so as to enter either one of two series of holes.

22. In a machine of the type described, the

combination with a support for the base oftherim, of a stop adapted to be engaged by therv side of the rim, and a pin adapted to enter a hole in the rim.

23. In a machine of the type described the combination with means for supporting the rim, of a pin adapted to enter a hole in the rim, said pin being movable to and from the rim and also from side to side.

24. In a machine of the type described, the combination of a clamp adapted to close on the spoke between the hub and the rim, means for closing the sameon the spoke, means for subsequently moving the clamp bodily toward the end of the spoke and in relation to the same and means for so regulating the pressure of the clamp that only-the outer material of the spoke may be displaced.

25. In a machine of tne type described the combination of heading-tools movable inward toward each other, of clamps movable out` ward toward the headers, a cylinder and a piston therein, and operative connections between the piston and the headers and between the piston and clamps, for operating them simultaneously. v

26. In a machine of the type described, the combination with clamping devices movable outward from each other, of an operating-head movable between said clamps.

27. In a machine of the type described, the combination of clamps movable outward from each other, of means for moving one a greater distance than the other.

28. In a machine of the type described, the combination of clamps movable outward and formed with inclined adjacent surfaces, of an operating-head provided with inclined surfaces adapted to engage those on the' clamps, one of the surfaces on the head being of a greater inclination than the other.

29. In a machine of the type described the combination with movable headers adapted to act on the ends of the spoke, of clamping-jaws adapted to close on the spoke, a cylinder, a piston therein operatively connected with the headers, a second cylinder situated within the first cylinder and open at its rear to the pressure .in front of the piston, a piston in second cylinder, operative connections between this piston and the clamps formed to'close the clam ps on the retraction of the piston, the first cylinder having a constant pressure in front of its piston and in rear of the second piston', means for admitting a high pressure to the irst cylinder in rear of its piston, and means for admitting a high pressure to the second cylinder in front of its piston.

30. In a machine of the type described, the combination of a cylinder, a piston therein,

spoke-heading devices operated by the advance of the piston, means for admitting a ofthe second piston, and means forfadmitting a high pressure in front of the second piston.

3l. In a machine of the type described, the combination with clamping -jaws movable bodily in a direction transversely of ltheir clampingmovement, of a cylinderand piston, a device controlled by the movement of the piston for closing the jaws, and a jointed connection between the same and the piston; whereby the jaws may be moved bodily with relation to the cylinder.

32. In a machine of the type described, the combination with means for supporting the hub and rim, of spoke-fastening devices, and means for adjusting the same bodily around an axis transversely of the axis of the hub.

In a machine of the type described, the

combination with means for supporting the hub with its axis horizontal and the rim vertical, of spoke-fastening devices, and means for adjusting the same bodily around a vertical axis.

34. In a machine of the type described, the

combination with means for supporting the' hub and rim, of a plurality of spoke-fastenin g devices on opposite sides of the same, and means for operating them alternately to fasten alternately the spokes to the hub andrim in two series.

35. In a machine of the type described, the combination with means for supporting the hub and rim, of a plurality of spoke-fastening devices on opposite sides, and means foradj usting one with relation to the other on an axis transverse to that of the hub.

36. In a machine of the type described, the combination with means for supporting the hub and rim, of a plurality of spoke-fastening devices on opposite sides of the same, and means for adjusting said devices independently on axes transverse to that of the hub.V

37. In a machine of the type described, the combination with means for supporting the hub, rim and spoke, of two alternately-acting spoke-fastening devices on opposite sides of the hub, and means for moving them independently to and from each other.

38. In a machine of the type described, the combination with a heading device adapted to act on the end of the spoke, and means for movin g the same to upset the end of the spoke, of a device adjacent thereto adapted to act on the spoke near its end,'and means for moving said heading device independently of its upsetting movement and in relation to the other device to an inoperative position to widen the space between it and the said device.

39. In a machine of the type described the IOO IIO

Combination of :L mein frame, standards rls- In testimony whereof I hereunto set my ing therefrom, tables sustained by said standhand, this 7th deyof August, 1901, in Ihe pres- .lo erds and adjustable thereon around vertical enee of two nttesting witnesses.

axes, slides mounted on the tables and mov- 1 able to and from eaeh other, opposing spoke- EMIL EINFILLD'I fastening devices mounted on the slides, and l \Vitnesses:

means for supporting the hub, rim and spoke l NATH FRENCH, between seid devices. l

MAY L. DODGE. 

